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Babbie, Earl. The Practice of Social Research. 9th ed. (2000)
This book includes content that emphasizes the importance of problem-solving and decision-making, the links between statistics and research methods, and the use of computers in social research. It includes current research examples and illustrations from such recent topics as welfare and poverty, gender issues, affirmative action, and the AIDS epidemic.

Bachiochi, D. and et al. Usability Studies and Designing Navigational Aids for the World Wide Web. From: Proceedings of the Sixth International World Wide Web Conference. (April 7-11, 1997)
This paper describes how usability testing was used to validate design recommendations. The results show a need for navigational aids that are related to the particular website and located beneath the browser buttons.

Barrett, Daniel J. NetResearch: Finding Information Online. (1997)
This book teaches lasting skills on how to locate what is needed in a constantly changing online environment.

Bates, Marcia J. The Design of Browsing and Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search Interface. From: Online Review. 13:5, 407-24 (1989)
A new model of searching in online and other information systems, called "berrypicking," is discussed. This model, it is argued, is much closer to the real behavior of information searchers than the traditional model of information retrieval is.

Bates, Marcia J. Indexing and Access for Digital Libraries and the Internet: Human, Database, and Domain Factors. From: Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS). 49:13, 1185-205 (1998)
Factors and issues regarding content indexing and access to digital resources are reviewed and implications drawn for information system design.

Bates, Mary Ellen and Reva Basch, editors. The Online Deskbook: Online Magazine's Essential Desk Reference for Online and Internet Searchers. (1996)
This book provides information on every major professional and general online service for experienced and novice users. It features command charts, troubleshooting guides, shortcuts, and answers to frequently asked questions, as well as nuts-and-bolts information on access codes, logging on, system requirements, e-mail availability, prices, and training.

Baudin, Catherine and Scott Waterman. User Interaction in Machine Aided Text Categorization: Design Considerations for an Indexing Assistant. (February 1998)
This study investigates requirements for effectively using automatic categorization technology to support human decision making. The researchers present the Indexing Assistant, a prototype tool that uses technical term extraction and text categorization to help humans categorize documents in technical domains.

Belkin, Nicholas J. and W. Bruce Croft. Information Filtering and Information Retrieval: Two Sides of the Same Coin? From: Communications of the ACM. 35:12, 29-38 (1992)
This article compares and contrasts the differences between information filtering and information retrieval. Information filtering removes data from incoming information streams based on user preferences, in contrast with information retrieval in which the system attempts to extract the most relevant items for a given query.

Benway, Jan Panero and David M. Lane. Banner Blindness: Web Searchers Often Miss "Obvious" Links. From: ITG Newsletter. 1:3 (December 5, 1998)
This study showed that banners were ignored, even when there was no other way to access the required information. Design recommendations include being cautious when increasing the visual distinction between elements on a web page, and following the guideline to duplicate visually distinct elements in another area of the web page.

Bergman, Eric, editor. Information Appliances and Beyond: Interaction Design for Consumer Products. (2000)
This book explores the various manifestations of real-life, non-traditional computing devices (mobile phones, personal assistants, set-top boxes, animated toys). It displays and critiques various creations, detailing the tradeoffs designers make to accommodate both physical requirements and general human ideas about efficiency and pleasantness in a user interface.

Betz, Anne. Classification Schemes and Thesauri On-line.
This guide is a collection of thesauri based on the results of the interdisciplinary seminar "Terminology Documentation and Multilingual Thesauri" held in summer 1998.

Beyer, Hugh and Karen Holtzblatt. Contextual Design: A Customer-Centered Approach to Systems Designs. (1997)
This book steps the reader through the process of conducting user interviews and analyzing the data. It then explains the additional steps required to build systems using this method, including building models for flow, sequence, and artifacts, and establishing the cultural and the physical environments for a system.

Bias, Randolph G. and Deborah J. Mayhew, editors. Cost-Justifying Usability. (1994)
This book provides structured and proven techniques by which usability engineers and their managers can quantify the costs and benefits of a projected new product in order to make a convincing case for investment to the business types in the company. It presents an overall framework, perspectives internal and external to the company, case studies from software and hardware developers, and discussions of special issues.

Bidigare, Sarah. Information Architecture of the Shopping Cart. (May 2000)
This ACIA white paper explores the principles of design for process-oriented information architectures by illustrating the best practices in the design of e-commerce ordering systems commonly referred to as "shopping carts."

Blair, David C. Indeterminacy in the Subject Access to Documents. From: Information Processing & Management. 22:2, 229-41 (1986)
Subject access to documents is influenced by two kinds of indeterminacy: the indeterminacy of the indexer's selection of indexing descriptors and the indeterminacy of the inquirer's selection of search terms. How these indeterminacies interact is discussed, and ways of reducing the effect of one of these two indeterminacies is suggested.

Blair, David C. and M.E. Maron. An Evaluation of Retrieval Effectiveness for a Full-Text Document-Retrieval System. From: Communications of the ACM. 28:3, 289-99 (March 1985)
An evaluation of a large, operational full-text document-retrieval system shows the system to be retrieving less than 20 percent of the documents relevant to a particular search. The findings are discussed in terms of the theory and practice of full-text document retrieval.

Bowker, Geoffrey C. and Susan Leigh Star. Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences. (2000)
This book is an attempt to sort out exactly how and why we classify and categorize the things and concepts we encounter day to day. With precise academic language, the authors pick apart our information systems and language structures that lie deeper than the everyday categories we use.

Brand, Stewart. How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They're Built. (1995)
Kind of like the theory that a literary text is never closed, but is temporarily appropriated in its reading and rereading, the author proposes that buildings adapt best when constantly refined and reshaped by their occupants, and that architects can grow from artists of space into artists of time.

Brin, Sergey and Lawrence Page. The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine. From: Proceedings of the Seventh International World Wide Web Conference. (April 14-18, 1998)
This paper presents Google, a prototype of a large-scale search engine which makes heavy use of the structure present in hypertext. Google is designed to crawl and index the web efficiently and produce much more satisfying search results than existing systems.

Brown, John Seely and Paul Duguid. The Social Life of Information. (2000)
The authors cast their gaze on the many trends and ideas proffered by infoenthusiasts over the years, such as software agents; the electronic cottage; and the rise of knowledge management and the challenges it faces trying to manage how people actually work and learn in the workplace. Their aim is not to pass judgment but to help remedy the tunnel vision that prevents technologists from seeing the larger social context that their ideas must ultimately inhabit.

Buchanan, Robert W. and Charles Lukaszewski. Measuring the Impact of Your Web Site. (1997)
This book offers in-depth advice and guidelines on benchmarking, measuring, and managing a productive web site. Extensive case studies from over 50 pioneer companies, including Chrysler, Federal Express, and 3M, illustrate how this valuable methodology works in real corporate settings.

Burdman, Jessica. Collaborative Web Development: Strategies and Best Practices for Web Teams. (1999)
This book offers advice on pulling together a team, establishing procedures, setting a timeline, communicating effectively with team members and clients, balancing scope and technical sophistication with cost and time constraints, and managing large-scale web sites. The CD-ROM contains templates, sample forms, and demonstration software.